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What are the wiring methods for AC fans?
02/22/2024Let's take a look at the principle and wiring method of single-phase AC fans with start capacitor.
The AC fan uses a capacitor asynchronous motor internally.We know that asynchronous motors rely on AC currents with different phases to create a rotating magnetic field in space, which drives the rotor to rotate. However, a single-phase AC current cannot generate a rotating magnetic field, so a secondary winding needs to be added and a capacitor needs to be connected in series on the secondary winding.
Due to the characteristic of the capacitor, the current and voltage can be phase-shifted by 90 degrees, so that the main winding and the secondary winding can form a rotating magnetic field in space, driving the rotor to rotate.
Some models of fans will have the starting capacitor connected at the factory, so users only need to connect three wires, namely L, N, and PE. However, some models of fans do not come with a starting capacitor, so there will be four wires, in addition to L, N, and PE, there will be an extra wire for the secondary winding.
Users need to connect the starting capacitor in series between this wire and the N wire by themselves. The size of the starting capacitor is generally indicated on the nameplate.
If the user needs to run at a lower speed, a slightly smaller capacitor can be selected, but the voltage rating of the capacitor should not be too low, generally around 450VAC.
